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Raipur

This article is about Raipur, the capital city of Chhattisgarh. For other places, see Raipur (disambiguation).

Raipur /ˈraɪpʊər/ (Hindi: रायपुर  pronunciation (help·info)) is the capital city of the state of Chhattisgarh, India. The city is the administrative headquarters of Raipur District. It was formerly a part of Madhya Pradesh before the state of Chhattisgarh was formed on November 1, 2000. At the time of the 2011 census, the population of the Municipal Corporation area was 1,010,087.

History  

Raipur district is important in historical and archeological point of view. This district was once part of southern Kosal and considered to be under Mourya Kingdom. Raipur city had been the capital of the Haihaya kings, controlling the traditional forts of the Chhattisgarh for a long time. The town of Raipur has been in existence since the 9th century; the old site and ruins of the fort can be seen in the southern part of the city. Satawahana kings ruled this part till the 2nd–3rd century.

In the 4th century AD the king Samudragupta had conquered this region and established his domination till fifth–sixth century when this part had come under the rule of Sarabhpuri kings. For some period in the fifth–sixth century, Nala kings dominated this area. Later on Somavanshi kings had taken the control over this region and ruled with Sirpur ("City of Wealth") as their capital. Mahashivgupt Balarjun was the mightiest emperor of this dynasty. His mother, the widow queen of Harshgupta of the Somavansh, Rani Vasata built the famous brick temple of Lakshman. The Kalchuri kings of Tumman ruled this part for a long time making Ratanpur as capital. The old inscriptions of Ratanpur, Rajim and Khallari refer to the reign of Kalchuri kings. It is believed that the King Ramachandra of this dynasty established the city of Raipur and subsequently made it the capital of his kingdom.

Another story about Raipur is that King Ramachandra's son Brahmdeo Rai had established Raipur. His capital was Khalwatika (now Khallari). The newly constructed city was named after Brahmdeo Rai as 'Raipur'. It was during his time in 1402 that Hajiraj Naik the temple of Hatkeshwar Mahadev was constructed in the banks of river Kharun. The decline of this dynasty's rule came with the death of King Amarsingh Deo. This region had become the domain of Bhosle kings after the Amarsingh Deo's death. With the death of Raghuji the III, the territory was assumed by the British government from Bhonsla'a of Nagpur and Chhatisgarh was declared a separate commissionery with its headquarters at Raipur in 1854. After independence Raipur district was included in Central Provinces and Berar.

Naya Raipur

Naya Raipur (New Raipur) is the new capital city of Chhattisgarh.^{[citation needed]} Located between National Highways NH-6 and NH-43. It is 17 km away in the south-east direction from the current capital Raipur. Swami Vivekananda Airport separates the old and new cities. Naya Raipur is serving as the administrative capital of the State and also cater to the infrastructural needs of industry and trade in the region. Naya Raipur spreads over an area of about 8000 hectares. It includes 41 villages out of which 27 villages form the core of the Naya Raipur. The population of just one village has been displaced in this renovation of villages for the construction of Naya Raipur. About half of the total acquired land is being used for afforestation, roads, parks, public conveniences, water facilities-canals, green belts etc. 23 percent of the land would be reserved for educational institutions, government offices and public auditoriums etc. 30 percent of the land will be used for residential and economical purposes. Naya Raipur is India's fourth planned capital city after Gandhinagar in Gujarat; Chandigarh serting both Punjab and Harayana; and Bhubaneshwar in Odisha. The ongoing project is likely to cost anywhere between Rs 1,500 and 2,000 crore. The city is expected to house about 4.5 lakh people within a decade and provisions, in the form of future infrastructure upgradation, have been made for its expansion

Transport

Railways

Raipur is situated on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line of the Indian Railways (via Bhusawal, Nagpur, Bilaspur, Kharagpur) and is connected with some major cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Bhopal, Jabalpur, Saugor, Katni, Itarsi, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Kota, Ahmedabad, Jaipur e.t.c.Raipur still lacks direct rail connectivity with Indore Junction, Ujjain, Ratlam Junction, Kolhapur, Jodhpur etc. A branch line from Raipur to Vizianagaramvia Titlagarh originates from here. Also there is a narrow gauge line connecting Raipur to Rajim and Dhamtari via Abhanpur. This narrow gauge line is being converted into broad gauge line and realigned to serve the city of Naya Raipur as well

Roads

National Highways connecting Raipur to various cities are as under:^[5]

National Highways number	Connecting cities
NH 6	Hajira-Dhule-Nagpur-Raipur-Sambalpur-Baharagora-Calcutta
NH 43	Raipur-Vizianagaram Junction with National Highway No. 5 near Natavalasa
NH 200	Raipur-Bilaspur-Raigarh-Kanaktora-Jharsuguda-Kochinda-Deogarh-Talcher-Chandhikhol
NH 217	Raipur-Gopalpur
NH 12A	Raipur-Jhansi

Airport

Swami Vivekananda Airport,Raipur

Swami Vivekananda Airport or (Mana Airport) is the city's airport located 15 km away from the center. A Four Lane road is proposed on V.I.P. road which will connect airport to city more efficiently. The New Airport Terminal is proposed to avoid crowd hassle in old mana airport. The airport has seen a surge in traffic post after 2006 and presently connects Raipur to most of the major airports of India & operates 38 flights Daily. Raipur Airport is the second most busiest airport in central India after Nagpur.

Airlines	Destinations
Indian Airlines	Delhi, Mumbai
IndiGo	Bangalore, Delhi, Hyderabad, Indore, Kolkata, Mumbai
Jet Airways	Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Kolkata, Mangalore, Mumbai
JetKonnect	Delhi, Mumbai,

Economy

Historically, when Raipur was a part of Madhya Pradesh, it was the second major commercial centre in Madhya Pradesh after Indore. Traditionally, Raipur's economy has been based onagricultural-processing and saw-milling. The city is located centrally in the state of Chhattisgarh, and now serves as a regional hub for trade and commerce for a variety of local agricultural and forest products.

The traditional face of city has changed with Raipur becoming an important regional commercial and industrial destination for the coal, power, steel and aluminium industries. Raipur is Largest market of Steel in India. Raipur is among the richest cities and India’s biggest iron market; there are about 200 steel rolling mills, 195 sponge iron plants, more than 6 steel plants, 500 agro-industries and more than 35 ferro-alloy plants. There are more than 800 rice milling plants, and all major and local cement manufacturing companies have a presence in the city. Raipur also has a big chemical plant which produces formalin and distributes throughout the country. Raipur has a Wagon repair shop, where wagons of goods trains are repaired.A heavy machinery plant of Jindal group is situated in raipur. Sponge iron plants of major steel companies including Monnet, NECO are situated in raipur.L.P.G BOTTLING Plants of Bharat Petrolium and Hindustan Petrolium are also present in the city. The Industrial Areas of Raipur are:Urla and Siltara(heavy and medium scale industries), Bhanpur,Birgaon,Gondwara(medium and small scale industries).A world class engineering consulting group "Spongytech consulting Engineers Private limited" head office in Raipur.

Entertainment

Shopping malls

Name	Location	Multiplex
City Mall 36	G.E Road, Telibandha	INOX
Magneto, The Mall	G.E Road, Telibandha	PVR Cinemas
R.K. Mall	Amanaka Railway crossing	Glitz Cinemas
Chhattisgarh City Center	Devendra Nagar, Pandri	CineMAX
Lalganga Colors Mall	Pachpedi Naka	Glitz Cinemas -2
Treasure Island (upcoming)	NH 6,Near Agri University	Fun Republic(proposed)
Ambuja City Centre(upcoming)	Vidhansabha Road	INOX-2 (proposed)[6]
Mozaiic Mall(upcoming)	Old Dhamtari road	Not disclosed